In their article, “Grant Application Review: The Case of Transparency” David Gurwitz, Elena Milanesi, and Thomas Koenig suggest that grant success rates have fallen over the past decade.  They note this in part to make a call for increased transparency in grant funding

• How do Gurwitz, Milanesi, and Koenig characterize transparency? What steps should granting institutions like the NSF and NIH take?
• Why do they think transparency is important? Do you agree? 
• How does this article change the way you may approach grants in the future?